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Common to many areas
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balada
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Latin Adult Contemporary.
Angela Carrasco is from the Dominican Republic.
Daniela Romo is Mexican
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bolero
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Popular in Mexico, Central America, the
Caribbean, and criollo areas of the Andean countries.
Los Embajadores is an Ecuadorian trio.
"Sombras" is originally a tango, this theme exists in many local versions, for instance in Ecuador by Benitez y Valencia.
Read more about the bolero:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolero
For bolero lyrics, see:
http://www.morellajimenez.com.do/letrashtm
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pasodoble
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Of Spanish heritage, the pasodoble
is heard as in intro or as a change of mood in dance parties in
countries which have one thing in common, they allow bullfights (in
Southern South America bullfights are now allowed).
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tropical
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In Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia
also called tropical andina; in Venezuela, tropical
tecnopop.
A great web source for Latin music of all kinds
is Descarga, at: http://www.descarga.com
This
Colombian version of "La Colegiala" is from the mid-80's. The original
version was composed in Perù and first launched in 1975.
Arguably created by Argentinian Ricky Maravilla, a
representative of the "Movida tropical" movement, this theme is also
wellknown in Chile.
See also under cumbia
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rock / rap
|
Locally produced in certain metropolitan
areas.
"Qué pasa" is a Venezuelan group. The theme
was later recorded by Panamanian rap specialist El General.
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aguinaldo
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Christmas carols, villancicos,
with a particularly vigorous music tradition in Puerto Rico and
Venezuela. In these two countries, aguinaldo is, apart from a monetary
gift at Christmas, also a musical gift. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguinaldo#Puerto_Rican_aguinaldo
Various MIDI-themes and explanations at: http://www.musicadepuertorico.com/english/aguinaldos.htm
Various versions of a Puertorican aguinaldo on the cuatro.
More on aguinaldos, including lyrics and videos, at: http://www.prfrogui.com/home/multimida/parranda2.asx
The website http://www.sensemaya.net/LaParranda.pdf contains a thesis on Puerto Rico's Christmas serenading tradition.
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salsa
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Modernized way of playing Afro-Cuban music
featuring reinforced brass and percussion sections.
The Grupo Niche selections are examples of the
"Cali Sound". "La negra no quiere" is from
1982 or so.
Celia Cruz (1925-2003) was called "la Reina
de la Salsa", but the nickname she preferred was "la
Guarachera de Cuba".
Read about salsa: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salsa_(dance)
Oscar de León is one of the foremost
Venezuelan soneros.
See article "Soneros: A Dying Breed":
http://www.descarga.com/cgi-bin/db/archives/Article14 Vocabulary heard in salsa tunes:
http://www.salsa-in-cuba.com/eng/glossary.html
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Mexico and Central America
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corrido (ranchera)
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corrido is also
known as ranchera.
The second example is a ranchera used in
serenatas for birthday greetings alongside with the well-known
theme "Las mañanitas".
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tejano
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tejano is also
known as tex-mex.
The late Selena is perhaps the most well known of
all tejano artists.
Also known as bandas, groups of 10-20
musicians, playing bass-based traditional music, including
waltzes, cumbias, marches
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son huasteco
son huapango
son
jarocho
|
Traditional styles in Mexico, often played by mariachi
orchestras, jarocho indicates Vera Cruz as the origin..
Performance of huapango
huasteco:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gr-o7umv5TQ&feature=related
Many examples of huapango tamulipeco, huapango huasteco and huapango veracruzano in YouTube.
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son guatemalteco
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Featuring the marimba, the national
instrument of Guatemala.
In
Costa Rica, as well as in Guatemala and Chiapas, México,
the marimba is cherished instrument.
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punto guanacasteco
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Costa Rican audio samples :  http://www.guiascostarica.com/musica/musica.htm
See punto guanacasteco performance at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXp4UKWWe-o
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tonada
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Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and El
Salvador.
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Caribbean Basin and Surrounding Areas
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danzón
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Old-time formal Cuban dance music. Played on the
Sunday evening birthday greetings show on Radio Rebelde (5025 kHz
and many MW frequencies).
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son
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The son
originated in Cuba, and is now widely heard all over
Latin America. The "Trío Matamoros" sample is a classic;
there are dozens of salsa
arrangements of this tune.
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guajira
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Cuban Country music. The single most popular example is "Guajira Guantanamera". Many guajiras were "rediscovered" by Buena Vista Social Club.
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rumba
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Afro-Cuban percussion and vocal style.
See Décima and Rumba: "Iberian formalism in the heart of
Afro Cuban Song" at
http://www.scribd.com/doc/16630239/Decima-and-Rumba-10000-word-essay
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charanga
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Cuban style with violins and flute. This sample
is a "classic".
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pachanga
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Created at the outset of the 1950's in Cuba, coinciding with the political overturn of Cuba, the pachanga in the USA was confusingly named charanga. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachanga
In this song "La pachanga se baila así", Joe Quijano explains that the pachanga is the dance, and charanga is the band.
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bugalú, boogaloo
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Fusion of many Cuban styles with American R&B and soul, arguably first Latin rhythm created in New York.
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guaguancó
|
Cuban. The title translates to "The station
jumble" (referring to the overcrowding of the broadcasting
dial).
Vocabulary heard in salsa tunes: http://www.salsa-in-cuba.com/eng/glossary.html
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mambo
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Cuban big-band style.
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cha cha chá
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A Cuban "classic".
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bomba y plena
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A Puerto Rican musical style.
http://www.puertoritmo.com/ explains in detail rhythms sprung from Puertorican soil like the bomba and the plena.
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merengue
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From the Dominican Republic.
"Compadre Pedro Juan" is often referred to as the second national anthem of the
Dominican Republic, a beautiful rendering of a "classic".
Tambora
y Güira is a page devoted to music gennes of the Dominican Republic: http://www.mindspring.com/%7Eadiascar/musica/index-e.htm
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bachata
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Sensual midtempo acoustic/electric style from
the Dominican Republic.
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cumbia
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Originating in Colombia and Panamá, this dance is kind of lingua franca to Spanish speaking people in the Western hemisphere.
cumbia is
popular in Colombia and Panama, with regional variants in Peru,
Bolivia, Central America and Mexico. The Mexican and Central
American cumbia is
faster than its Colombian counterpart.
In a special Millennium Poll conducted by
Colombia´s RCN Radio y TV, "La pollera colorá"
was selected as the 5th most popular Colombian tune of the 20th Century.
"Dancing through Colombia" was aired on BBC World Service in May 1993.
See about cumbia sonidera at: http://cumbiavancouver.blogspot.com/2011/05/what-is-cumbia-sonidera-and.html
The Peruvian group Los Walkers is from Huánuco.
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porro
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Mainstream dance music in Colombia, also known as
tropical and sometimes raspa. The two
selections belong to the "oldies"genne and will be heard mainly for Christmas.
The Colombian gaita sounds rather like a
clarinet, which Lucho Bermúdez used to play himself.
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vallenato
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Colombian "Country & Western". Sabanero refers to the area west of the Magdalena river, i.e. not originating from Valledupar, which is the cradle of the vallenato.
La Ye, meaning the letter Y, is a place name; the
town where the main road splits in two can be found not far from
the provincial capital, Montería.
"Guayabo" in Colombian Spanish means
"hangover", so the title of Lisandro Meza´s hit,
popular from Colombia all the way down to Peru, is "The
Hangover of La Ye"
For history of the vallenato, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vallenato
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tamborito
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Traditional from Panamá
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reggae, reggatón
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Originally from Jamaica and Panamá, now popular throughout
the Caribbean Islands.
Marcos Malory is from Puerto Rico..
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soca
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Evolved from Trinidadian calypso,
now popular in many parts of the Caribbean.
For a sample watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SALgXnL61gY&feature=related
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zouk
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Popular in Frenchspeaking areas of the Antilles. The title of the song translates to "Zouk is the only medicine we have".
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hip hop / dance
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Heard in Venezuela, Panama, Caribbean basin and Peruvian
jungle area
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punta
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Popular along the Caribbean
coastline of Central America, especially Honduras
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Andean Regions of Ecuador, Peru & Bolivia
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pasillo
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The Ecuadorian pasillo is very
popular in northern Peru.
"Latidos" is an extremely typical
example of this style.
Visit David
Gleason's page for glimpses of what broadcasting was like in
the 1950's in Ecuador and Colombia.
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danzante, pasacalle
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Ecuadorian. Held as kind of a second national anthem of Ecuador.
"El chula quiteño" exists
in countless vocal and instrumental versions.
The Benítez y Valencia sample is a duo,
and the Don Medardo clip is an uptempo rendition of the same
tune.
Read about and listen to more Ecuadorian music: http://musicademipatria.blogspot.com/ and http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Música_del_Ecuador
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albazo, tonada
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Ecuadorian.
Here is a recording
from Radio Runacunápac Yachana, in Ecuador, on 2967.7
kHz, dated Jan 17 1993.
There is an identification announcement in Quichua
followed by a music cut, at the end of which the signal faded
down.
Then comes a music promo containing short samples, 10 to 25
seconds long of each of the styles mentioned:
"La música es la expresión
de sentimiento y valentía: el danzante... el aire
típico... el pasacalle... la tonada... el pasillo... el
sanjuanito... el capishca... el yaraví... el cachullapi...
el albazo... Estos son los ritmos que vibran en el fondo de cada
ser humano. Usted sintoniza Radio El Saber del Hombre".
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sanjuanito, sanjuanero
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The two samples are Ecuadorian; this style is also
found in northern Peru.
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huayno
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This is a music style typical of the Peruvian sierra..
The two Los Reales samples are from northern
Peru. The audio quality for these is as received from Radio Gotas
de Oro (now Radio Uno), in Chiclayo.
Not very ideal, but still
better than on some of the Peruvians that play the music. The
stations on 4420, 4460, and 4485 kHz would be typical examples.
Grupo Norte Potosí is a Bolivian charango
group. The selection is the "anthem" of the town of
Huancayo, Peru.
Ernesto Sánchez Fajardo a.k.a. "El
Jilguero del Huascarán" has recorded several tunes which are heard
regularty on the air for certain festivities, for instance
Mother's Day.
Scores of Peruvian music: http://www.musicaperuana.com (The Peruvian Musical Corner)
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huayño
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From Bolivia.
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huaylas
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Peruvian festive dance.
La Nortenita is a singer from Trujillo, Perú.
Los Shapis are the forerunners of Peruvian chicha (see this word) and this tune has been adopted as an identification cue by the Bolivian broadcaster
Radio
Pío XII, Siglo XX.
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yaravi
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Popular in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Originally heard for mourning also known as triste in northern Perú and muliza in the central area.
Ecuatorian yaraví...
"Puñales" - Dúo Benítez y Valencia at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m0_OmLyFSAA
Bolivian yaraví...
"El Cisne" - Los Jaíras at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXaLOepBVS4A
Los Jaíras has recorded almost all varities of Bolivian folklore.
"Rítmos sudamericanos" lists in alphabetical order almost all varieties of music to be heard in the Andean countries: http://www.pacoweb.net/index2.html
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chicha
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Modern urban Peruvian blend of huayno and
cumbia.
Read about chicha: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicha_(m%C3%BAsica)
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tecno-cumbia
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lambada
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This is the original version, a Bolivian saya,
rearranged in the early 80´s by the Peruvian
group Cuarteto Continental and later presented internationally as "lambada" by the Brazilian group
Kaoma, in an international lawsuit. Gonzalo and Ulises Hermoza a.k.a. Los
K´jarkas, claimed and gained the authorship of the tune.
Eveline Rocha claims that Llorando se fue is
actually a caporales,
not a saya. Visit her site for more on Bolivian folklore: http://www.bolivia.at
See also: http://boliviandances.blogspot.com
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Andean Valleys & Regions East of the
Cordillera
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guabina, torbellino
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An old Colombian music style, seldom heard nowadays.
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pasillo
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Colombian brand of pasillo, rarely
heard in these days.
See also pasillo under Andean Regions of Ecuador, Peru &
Bolivia.
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bambuco
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Colombia and Western Venezuela. The sample is the
signature tune for Ecos del Torbes (4980 kHz) in San Cristóbal,
which was the Venezuelan flagship on the 60 meter band until the end of the 1990's.
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joropo
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From the plains (llanos) of Venezuela and Eastern
Colombia, the joropo and the pasaje are
referred to as música llanera.
The standard instrumental line-up arpa, cuatro y maracas. Search these words on Google images for pictures.
This was also
the name of a longstanding music show on Venezuelan Radio
Táchira, 4830 kHz in the 90's.
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pasaje
|
Venezuela and Colombia. (There is an unrelated
style called pasaje in Colombian vallenato).
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carrilera, guasca
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From Colombia, a local type of corrido (see under Mexico),
also known as guasca.
In the sample, a woman is desperately looking for
her lover. She runs from one saloon to another to see if she can
find him. If she does, she will see to it that he'll get a
razor-blade scar on both cheeks. That will help him remember who
he belongs to, the lyrics say... (The initial part of this story
is readily to be heard on the sample.)
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taquirari
|
Watch live improvisation of Recuerdos, a tune made popular by Los Jairas, in a La Paz market at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMNRSmbzz6I
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bailecito
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Bolivian, here featuring the charango
instrument.
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Pacific Coastline of Peru
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marinera - resbalosa
|
There are examples of the marinera
limeña (from Lima) and marinera
norteña (from Trujillo and Chiclayo), the huaylash,
and many other styles at the home page of the musical groups
Expresion
Latina y Raices Peruanas.at: http://home3.swipnet.se/%7Ew-36169/rpel1.htm
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vals criollo
|
See: http://www.listamusicacriolla.com/bailes/vals.htm
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Bolivia, Northern Chile, NW
Argentina
|
bailecito
|
Bolivian music
|
|
vidala
|
From Argentina. vidala, zamba,
and chacarera are called música de
tierra adentro.
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zamba
|
The zamba is at the core of Argentinian folklore.
|
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chacarera
|
Argentinian. See also La
Pagina del Folklore Argentino.
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cueca
|
Heard in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile.See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Argentina
Los Huasos Quincheros is a Chilean group.
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Paraguay & Argentine "Litoral" (Chaco, Corrientes,
Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones and Santa Fé)
|
guarania
|
A Paraguayan style.
|
| polka paraguaya
|
You may enjoy visiting the web site http://www.musicaparaguaya.org.py where there are many samples of Paraguayan music
|
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galopera
|
Another style from Paraguay.
|
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chamamé
|
From the province of Corrientes, Argentina. Also known as música correntina.
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River Plate Area
|
candombe
|
Candombe is a typical
Afro-Uruguayan style from the "Rio de la Plata" (River
Plate), and a living tradition. It also co-existed in Buenos
Aires, Argentina, but in the XIX century and due to war and other
factors the Afro-Argentinian community disappeared.
The basic sound is the drum beating, without any
other instrument, using three bass drums: bombo, the
rhythmic repique, piano with a tenor sound, and
chico for a high-pitched sound.
This sample adds melody, choir and other
instruments. Candombe is now one of the basic
sounds for Uruguayan contemporary music, along with the murga.
Visit the candombe
web site at: http://www.candombe.com/english.html.
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cumbia villera
|
Contemporary blend of urban canción
de protesta, punk and rock, from suburbs of Buenos Aires.
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milonga
|
Argentina and Uruguay.
|
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tango
|
Argentina and Uruguay. "El entrerriano"
was arguably the first tango.
Lyrics, artists, history of the tango here: http://www.todotango.com/Spanish/Home.aspx
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Brazil
|
sertaneja
|
Sertaneja music
in Brazil is what the vallenato
is to Colombia and the ranchera
is to Mexico, a Brazilian kind of Country & Western.
|
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samba
|
The music of the Brazilian Carnaval, also known
as pagode.
Mangueira
is an escola de samba
from Rio de Janeiro: http://www.mangueira.com.br/
Database on Brazilian music: http://www.allbrazilianmusic.com
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forró
|
Especially popular in the Nordeste (north eastern Brazil).
|
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baião
|
Luiz Gonzaga is known as "O Rei do baião", the King of Baião .
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axé
|
Popular music of Salvador da Bahia.
See the Axé music site at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axé_music
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